Event cause
The observed, reported, measured, or estimated event cause for an event, on the basis and date stated by the source.
Sources that carry it
28 sourcesLiving global disaster-country flat table, 1900-present, updated weekly and available as a complete XLSX after registration. Commercial entities can buy a documented annual licence.
GA oil/hazmat spill & release incident reports from the U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC) — FEDERAL SUBSTITUTE for Integration 101 (SPILLS/GA/ga_dnr), since GA EPD's state Emergency-Response 'Environmental Releases' DB is not openly bulk-available (query-only/internal). fetch.py downloads NRC's yearly XLSX workbooks (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx, CY1990–CY2025), reads INCIDENT_COMMONS, filters LOCATION_STATE='GA', derives decimal lat/lon from DMS → 19,679 incidents. conform.py maps ds_ address from LOCATION_STREET1/NEAREST_CITY/STATE/ZIP and ds_lat/lon from the derived coords; ds_SPILLS=true. Located mainly by city+county (ds_city 97.7%, ds_state 100%); ds_street 20.1% and ds_lat/lon 2.6%.
Event-level downloadable data file covering more than 200,000 domestic and transnational terrorist incidents worldwide from 1970 through 2020, with no incident file for 1993. The latest page citation is the 2022 release. Raw data are obtained after a brief active download form. Ordinary terms permit non-commercial research and analysis; commercial use requires an additional agreement. Collection stopped after partial 2021 work for lack of funding, so there is no promised current release cadence. START may correct records when new documentation appears and has no obligation to update.
Cumulative Alabama subset of National Response Center (NRC) oil/HazMat spill-release incident reports, 1990-2024 = 20,823 incidents. Sourced from NRC because Alabama DEM (the Integration's assigned provider) publishes NO public spill-incident dataset — ADEM's Emergency Response page only gives reporting phone numbers and directs reporters to the NRC. NRC publishes one XLSX per year (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx); fetch.py reads the INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet, filters LOCATION_STATE='AL', dedups by SEQNOS, converts DMS lat/lon to decimal. ds_street 77.9% (from LOCATION_ADDRESS) / ds_city 91.7% / ds_lat-lon 9.0% → Passable (street-driven). Provider = us_uscg_nrc (federal) — mismatch with al_adem, by necessity.
Arizona subset of the National Response Center (NRC) incident-report archive, 1990-2025 = 6,933 oil/chemical/hazmat release reports. PROVIDER DIVERGENCE: Integration #97 is keyed to az_deq, but Arizona DEQ publishes no comprehensive public spill dataset (Hazardous Material Incident Logbook frozen Nov 2001; legacy.azdeq.gov blocked) and explicitly redirects post-2001 records to the federal NRC. Source owned by us_uscg_nrc and linked to the az_deq Integration. Built from per-year NRC workbooks (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx), INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet filtered to LOCATION_STATE='AZ'. Single-attribute (SPILLS). Address-described, coordinate-sparse: ds_street 81.8% (LOCATION_ADDRESS), ds_city 97%, ds_state=AZ, ds_lat/lon 3.2% (DMS-assembled) -> Passable on ds_street.
Kentucky subset of the National Response Center (NRC) incident-report archive, 1990-2025 = 16,411 oil/chemical/hazmat release reports. PROVIDER DIVERGENCE: Integration #105 is keyed to ky_dep, but Kentucky EEC publishes no public spill/incident dataset (ER Branch page is contact-only; eSearch exposes only Agency Interest/permits/documents; EEC Data Access Tool lists no spill route; no EEC ArcGIS layer). Source owned by us_uscg_nrc and linked to the ky_dep Integration — same pattern as us_uscg_nrc__incident_reports_az (#97). Built from per-year NRC workbooks (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx), INCIDENT_COMMONS filtered to LOCATION_STATE='KY'. Single-attribute (SPILLS). Address-described, coordinate-sparse: ds_street 83.7% (LOCATION_ADDRESS), ds_city 97%, ds_state=KY, ds_lat/lon 1.8% (DMS-assembled) -> Passable on ds_street.
Louisiana subset of the federal National Response Center (NRC) oil/chemical/hazmat incident-report archive (USCG). Full archive 1990-2025, filtered to LOCATION_STATE='LA' from the per-year NRC FOIA workbooks (INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet). 144,173 reports. Provider divergence: Integration 106 is keyed to la_deq, but Louisiana DEQ's Single Point of Contact (SPOC) is an intake-only system with no public dataset, so the authoritative source is the federal NRC (us_uscg_nrc). Each record: incident date, type, cause, description, location address/city/county/zip, and (where reported) lat/lon assembled from NRC DMS components. NRC posts initial, unvalidated reports.
Minnesota subset of the U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC) incident-report archive — petroleum and hazardous-material spill/release reports, 1990–2025 (per-year FOIA workbooks, INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet, filtered to LOCATION_STATE='MN'). 8,633 reports. Federal-substitute source: the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency's own Emergency Response / MERTS spill-incident database is not published for bulk download, so this Source is owned by us_uscg_nrc and linked to the mn_pca Integration #107 (provider divergence). Single-attribute: SPILLS.
Missouri subset of the federal National Response Center (NRC) oil/chemical/hazmat incident-report archive (USCG). Full archive 1990-2025, filtered to LOCATION_STATE='MO' from the per-year NRC FOIA workbooks (INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet). 12,972 reports. Provider divergence: Integration 108 is keyed to mo_dnr, but MO DNR's Environmental Emergency Response tracking systems (MEERTS ≤Oct 2021; MERLIN since Nov 2021) are search-only web interfaces with no bulk download/API, so the authoritative downloadable source is the federal NRC (us_uscg_nrc). Scope caveat: NRC captures the federally-reported subset of MO's EER universe (which also logs state-spill-line-only reports), so this ~13k runs below the ~25k full-state-DB prediction. Each record: incident date, type, cause, description, location address/city/county/zip, and (rarely) lat/lon. NRC posts initial, unvalidated reports.
Cumulative New Jersey subset of National Response Center (NRC) oil/HazMat spill-release incident reports, 1990-2024 = 20,792 incidents. Sourced from NRC because the NJDEP-native spill data (Communications Center / Environmental Action Line in NJEMS DataMiner) is not programmatically sourceable: DataMiner is behind Imperva Advanced Bot Protection AND its record-level report times out/resets on export, with no ArcGIS/Open-Data mirror. NRC publishes one XLSX per year (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx); fetch.py reads INCIDENT_COMMONS, filters LOCATION_STATE='NJ', dedups by SEQNOS, converts DMS lat/lon to decimal. ds_street 87.8% (from LOCATION_ADDRESS) / ds_city 97.4% / ds_lat-lon 3.4% → Passable (street-driven). Provider = us_uscg_nrc (federal) — substitution for nj_dep, same as AL #96 / AZ #97.
Pennsylvania subset of the National Response Center (NRC) incident-report archive, 1990-2025 = 28,451 oil/chemical/hazmat release reports. PROVIDER DIVERGENCE: Integration #113 is keyed to pa_dep, but PA publishes no broad public hazmat-incident dataset (PEIRS is PEMA/internal; eFACTS is storage-tank-only; no incidents on data.pa.gov; no PASDA incidents layer). Source owned by us_uscg_nrc and linked to the pa_dep Integration — same pattern as AZ #97 / KY #105. Built from per-year NRC workbooks (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx), INCIDENT_COMMONS filtered to LOCATION_STATE='PA'. Single-attribute (SPILLS). Address-described, coordinate-sparse: ds_street 86.2% (LOCATION_ADDRESS), ds_city 97.8%, ds_state=PA, ds_lat/lon 1.8% (DMS-assembled) -> Passable on ds_street.
South Carolina subset of the federal National Response Center (NRC) oil/chemical/hazmat incident-report archive (USCG). Full archive 1990-2025, filtered to LOCATION_STATE='SC' from the per-year NRC FOIA workbooks (INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet). 12,596 reports. Provider divergence: Integration 114 is keyed to sc_des, but SC DES's Oil & Chemical Emergency Response division takes reports by phone and publishes no public spill dataset (no data.sc.gov dataset; gis.des.sc.gov Emergency_Response folder has only a physiographic map; SC DHEC AGOL org has only aggregated count layers), so the authoritative downloadable source is the federal NRC (us_uscg_nrc). Each record: incident date, type, cause, description, location address/city/county/zip, and (rarely) lat/lon. NRC posts initial, unvalidated reports.
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Cumulative Wisconsin subset of National Response Center (NRC) oil/HazMat spill-release incident reports, 1990-2024 = 6,754 incidents. Sourced from NRC because WI DNR's own spill data (BRRTS activity code 04) is not programmatically sourceable: the full archive lives only in the BRRTS bulk zip (apps.dnr.wi.gov, US-geo-locked + binary, unreachable/un-proxyable here), WI DNR publishes no spills GIS layer (entire RR_Sites_Map ArcGIS enumerated — only ERP/LUST activity points), and the open-spills web table is open-only + county-level. NRC publishes one XLSX per year (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx); fetch.py reads INCIDENT_COMMONS, filters LOCATION_STATE='WI', dedups by SEQNOS, DMS lat/lon to decimal. ds_street 85.5% / ds_city 97.9% / ds_lat-lon 2.8% → Passable. BELOW predicted band (13,500-46,500) by design: NRC = federally-reported subset, not the full BRRTS state archive. Provider = us_uscg_nrc (federal) — substitution for wi_dnr, same as AL #96 / NJ #110 / AZ #97.
Licensed historical crash, hazard and construction incident data delivered through the Roadway Analytics Data Downloader for user-selected study areas and date ranges. Current public documentation lists incident history from September 1, 2016 and exposes identity, severity, closure classification, category/subcategory, first/last local seen times, direction, location, affected road extent and codes. Distinct from the current Incident API and historical congestion/bottleneck analytics.
Statewide vehicle-in-crash rows for the rolling 2021-2024 window. Year plus case_vehicle_id joins the Individual asset but no field joins the Case asset.
Nationwide, unfiltered archive of U.S. Coast Guard National Response Center (NRC) oil/hazardous-material release-notification reports, CY1990-CY2025 (1,032,643 rows). Same upstream yearly workbooks (nrc.uscg.mil/FOIAFiles/CY<YY>.xlsx, INCIDENT_COMMONS sheet) that back the 12 state-filtered us_uscg_nrc__incident_reports_<state> SPILLS sources, kept here unfiltered by state/territory to serve Integration 331 (ERNS/US). Built after confirming no independent EPA ERNS dataset still exists separately from the NRC's own database (EPA's ERNS was structurally just EPA's copy of NRC-reported notifications; no live Envirofacts table or downloadable archive remains). Known upstream limitation: the CY2017-CY2025 yearly files are each truncated by the NRC server to Jan 1-Sep 9 of that year (not a fetch.py bug) — see the .md for details.
Ongoing global historical database of related tsunami source-event and observed runup-location tables, spanning 2100 BC to the present. It emits event source/time/location, cause, validity, magnitude/intensity, maximum water height and historical effects plus runup observation location, arrival/travel time, measurement type, water height, horizontal inundation and location effects. Reporting is heterogeneous and is neither a completeness claim nor prospective hazard. Pin DOI 10.7289/V5PN93H7, retrieval date/query and API schema.
Free annual full-file release of publicly reported U.S. fire incidents, distributed as zipped relational CSV tables with NFIRS coding documentation.
Free governmental U.S. bulk CSV database of NWS-documented significant weather events. Event-detail and location files identify episodes/events, event type, begin/end time, reporting source, hail or wind magnitude and magnitude type, flood cause, and linked event locations. These are reported/certified event records, distinct from radar estimates.
EPA's PFAS Analytic Tools republishes National Response Center spill reports through the PAT_Spills ArcGIS layer. This integrated source filters Material_Involved for AFFF or FOAM and emits incident identifiers, dates, quantities, materials, narratives, responsible parties, causes, water impacts, raw and geocoded locations, and relative-location descriptors. Its conformed output adds normalized address and coordinate columns plus an AQUEOUS_FOAM_NRC indicator on every selected row.
Reported North Carolina sanitary sewer overflow and bypass incidents, with incident timing, location, released volume, receiving-water impact, cause, and resolution.
NYSDEC Spill Incidents — the complete New York spill/release archive published on the state open-data portal (data.ny.gov Socrata dataset u44d-k5fk). 570,234 records: chemical and petroleum spills reported to NYSDEC under Article 12 of the Navigation Law, 6 NYCRR 613.8 (PBS) and 595.2 (CBS); spills active as of 1986-04-01 plus all reported since (some records to the late 1970s), current through the fetch date. Native NY source (provider ny_dec) — no provider divergence. Each record: spill number, facility name, street/locality/county/zip, DEC region, spill & received & close dates, contributing factor, source, material name/family, quantity/units, recovered. No coordinate columns.
Connecticut reports of environmental releases received by CT DEEP from January 1996 through June 2022, with incident timing, location, responsible party, substance, quantity, affected media, cause, and response details where reported.
Statewide bulk extract from the Arkansas DEQ TankStats Access database, table TempRLUSTLOG1, containing one row per leaking underground or aboveground storage tank release notice. Records include facility and owner identifiers, release timing and status, substances, impacts, response and remediation details, and site location.
Release-focused subset of TDEC’s statewide UST Environmental Activities workbook with facility, case, release, status, and contact details.
Free standing account-based query and download channel for CHP-maintained California SWITRS Crash, Party, and Victim data. TIMS supplies the last ten years of final data plus recent provisional data, geocoded coordinates, release-status distinctions, and a complete field codebook. Use is subject to TIMS attribution, disclaimer, litigation-use, and 23 U.S.C. §409 terms; traffic-crash report documents are not included.
Daily crash-grain E-Crash public data for CPD-jurisdiction crashes on Chicago streets. Coverage begins partially in 2015 and is citywide only from September 2017; finalized and amended reports update rows. Officer-recorded conditions are not independently inferred weather.
Cumulative West Virginia subset of National Response Center (NRC) oil/HazMat spill & release incident reports, 1990–2025 (CY90–CY25 workbooks) = 10,477 rows. One row per reported incident. Federal substitute for the WV OES/EMD stream — see Notes.
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